法律
移民・留学生・働く人のための豪州の日常語、スラング、生活手続き用語を、やさしい英語と8言語で解説します。
確認済み項目
160 件競業避止条項
A contract clause limiting where or for whom a worker can work after leaving a job.
The restraint of trade clause stopped her working for a competitor for six months.
競業避止条項のため、彼女は半年間競合他社で働けなかった。right to silence
noun黙秘権
The right not to answer police questions or give evidence against yourself.
You have the right to silence during a police interview.
警察の取調べでは黙秘権がある。road rules
noun交通規則
The laws that drivers, cyclists and pedestrians must follow.
Learn the road rules before your test.
試験の前に交通規則を覚えて。royal commission
noun王立調査委員会
A major public inquiry set up by government to investigate an important issue.
The royal commission investigated aged care.
王立委員会が高齢者介護を調査した。rule of law
noun法の支配
The principle that everyone, including the government, must follow the law.
The rule of law is central to democracy.
法の支配は民主主義の中心だ。search warrant
noun捜索令状
A court document allowing police to search a place.
Police entered the house with a search warrant.
警察は捜索令状を持って家に入った。sentence
noun / verb判決、刑
The punishment given by a court; to give such a punishment.
He was sentenced to two years in prison.
彼は懲役2年の判決を受けた。separation
noun別居
When a couple stop living together as a couple; in Australia, usually required for 12 months before divorce.
They have been living apart since their separation.
彼らは別居以来、離れて暮らしている。
三権分立
Dividing government into parliament, the executive and the courts so no one part has too much power.
The separation of powers protects judges' independence.
三権分立は裁判官の独立を守る。signatory
noun署名者
A person or organisation that has signed an agreement.
Both signatories must initial each page.
双方の署名者は各ページに頭文字を記入しなければならない。solicitor
noun事務弁護士（ソリシター）
A lawyer who gives legal advice, prepares documents and handles most legal matters.
A solicitor prepared the will.
事務弁護士が遺言書を作成した。speeding
nounスピード違反
Driving faster than the speed limit.
He was fined for speeding.
彼はスピード違反で罰金を科された。state law
noun州法
Law made by a state parliament, which can differ between states.
Tenancy rules are mainly state law.
賃貸の規則は主に州法だ。訴状
The court document that starts a civil case and sets out what the plaintiff wants.
The lawyer filed a statement of claim.
弁護士が訴状を提出した。statute
noun制定法
A written law passed by parliament.
The rule is set out in a statute.
その規則は制定法に定められている。subpoena
noun / verb召喚状
An official order to attend court or provide documents.
He received a subpoena to give evidence.
彼は証言するよう召喚状を受け取った。sue
verb訴える
To start a legal case against someone to get money or another remedy.
She sued the builder for poor work.
彼女は手抜き工事で建築業者を訴えた。summary offence
noun略式起訴犯罪（軽犯罪）
A less serious offence heard by a magistrate without a jury.
Most traffic offences are summary offences.
交通違反の多くは略式犯罪だ。summons
noun呼出状
An official order to appear in court.
The driver received a court summons.
その運転者は裁判所の呼出状を受け取った。Supreme Court
noun州最高裁判所
The highest court in each Australian state or territory.
The murder trial was held in the Supreme Court.
その殺人事件の裁判は州最高裁判所で行われた。執行猶予
A prison sentence that is not served unless the person commits another offence (not available in every state).
She received a suspended sentence.
彼女は執行猶予付きの判決を受けた。testimony
noun証言
A formal statement made in court about what someone knows.
Her testimony helped the jury decide.
彼女の証言が陪審団の判断を助けた。trademark
noun商標
A registered name, logo or symbol that identifies a business's products.
They registered their logo as a trademark.
彼らはロゴを商標登録した。trespass
noun / verb不法侵入
Entering someone's land or property without permission.
The sign says trespassers will be prosecuted.
看板には不法侵入者は告発されると書いてある。trial
noun裁判
A formal examination of evidence in court to decide a case.
The trial lasted three weeks.
裁判は3週間続いた。